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FORMALDEHYDE (FORMALIN)

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Feature Good stability
Classification Paint Additives
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To manufacture formaldehyde by oxidation method, fresh air is mixed with process recirculation gas, which will be reacted in a fixed-bed reactor to produce formaldehyde gas catalyzed by a metal oxide catalyst, and the formaldehyde gas will be absorbed into semi-finished formaldehyde products by water through an absorption tower, which will be transferred to the formaldehyde barrel area and then adjusted to 14~44% finished products.

FORMALDEHYDE (FORMALIN): TECHNICAL DATA SHEET

CategorySpecifications
Chemical NameFormaldehyde (Formalin: 37-40% aqueous solution)
CAS No.50-00-0 (Formaldehyde), 30525-89-4 (Formalin)
Molecular FormulaCH₂O
AppearanceColorless gas (pure); Clear liquid (Formalin)
OdorPungent, suffocating
Density (20°C)0.815 g/cm³ (gas), 1.09 g/cm³ (Formalin)
Boiling Point-19°C (gas), 96°C (Formalin)
Flash Point85°C (Formalin, closed cup)

Key Properties

PropertyPerformance Data
SolubilityMiscible with water, alcohol, acetone
ReactivityStrong reducing agent; polymerizes readily
Preservative ActionEffective bactericide/fungicide at 0.5-5%
pH (Formalin)2.5-4.5 (stabilized with methanol)
Vapor Pressure52 kPa (20°C, gas)

Applications

IndustryPrimary Uses
HealthcareDisinfectant, tissue preservation (10% Formalin)
Resins ProductionUrea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde resins
TextilesAnti-wrinkle finishing agent
AgricultureSoil sterilant, seed treatment
CosmeticsNail hardeners (≤0.2% concentration)

Safety & Handling

ParameterRequirements
GHS ClassificationH301, H311, H314, H317, H331, H335, H350
Exposure Limits (OSHA)0.75 ppm (TWA), 2 ppm (STEL)
PPERespirator, gloves, goggles, lab coat
StorageSealed containers, 15-25°C, ventilated area
Fire FightingWater spray, alcohol-resistant foam

Environmental Impact

AspectData
VOC StatusYes (Formalin contains methanol)
BiodegradabilityReadily biodegradable (aqueous)
Atmospheric Lifetime~1 hour (reacts with hydroxyl radicals)
Regulatory RestrictionsRestricted in cosmetics (EU), listed as carcinogen (IARC Group 1)

Comparison with Alternatives

FeatureFormaldehydeGlutaraldehydeHydrogen Peroxide
Disinfection Efficiency★★★★★★★★★★★★☆
ToxicityHighModerateLow
Material CompatibilityCorrosive to metalsLess corrosiveNon-corrosive

References:

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (2023)IARC Monographs Vol. 100F (Formaldehyde carcinogenicity)

Declaration: The products displayed on this website are intended exclusively for industrial applications or scientific research. They are not intended for medical, pharmaceutical, or food use. In accordance with applicable laws and regulations, purchasing organizations must hold valid qualifications and approvals.

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