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One of the antioxidants. Phosphites Antioxidants are widely used in plastics, polymers and rubber industry.
Phosphite Antioxidants: Overview and Key Properties
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Chemical Type | Organophosphorus compounds |
| Primary Function | Secondary antioxidants (hydroperoxide decomposers) |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquids/powders |
| Solubility | Soluble in most organic solvents |
Common Types & Structures
| Type | Example Compounds | Molecular Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Aryl Phosphites | Tris(2.4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (168) | 646 g/mol |
| Alkyl Phosphites | Tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite (TNPP) | 689 g/mol |
| Mixed Phosphites | Diphenyl isodecyl phosphite | 382 g/mol |
Key Performance Properties
| Property | Value/Characteristic |
|---|---|
| Decomposition Temp. | 180-300°C (varies by type) |
| Hydrolysis Stability | Low to moderate |
| Effective pH Range | 3-9 |
| Typical Loading | 0.05-0.5% in polymers |
Mechanism of Action
| Process | Function |
|---|---|
| Hydroperoxide Decomposition | Converts ROOH to ROH |
| Metal Deactivation | Chelates pro-oxidant metals |
| Synergy with Phenolics | Regenerates primary antioxidants |
Applications by Polymer
| Polymer | Benefits |
|---|---|
| Polyolefins | Prevents yellowing, maintains melt flow |
| PVC | Improves heat stability |
| Engineering Plastics | Retains mechanical properties |
| Rubber | Extends service life |
Comparison with Other Antioxidants
| Antioxidant Type | Phosphites vs. |
|---|---|
| Phenolic AOs | Better color stability |
| Thioesters | More effective at high temps |
| Hindered Amines | Lower cost |
Safety & Handling
| Parameter | Requirements |
|---|---|
| Oral LD50 | >2.000 mg/kg (most types) |
| Storage | Dry, inert atmosphere |
| Decomposition Products | Phosphorus oxides |
Market Data
| Segment | Market Share |
|---|---|
| Polypropylene | 40% |
| PVC | 25% |
| Polyethylene | 20% |
| Other | 15% |
Leading Producers
| Company | Brand Examples |
|---|---|
| BASF | Irgafos® 168 |
| Dover Chemical | Doverphos® S-480 |
| Adeka | Mark® HP-10 |
Advantages vs. Limitations
| Advantages | Limitations |
|---|---|
| Excellent melt stability | Hydrolysis susceptibility |
| Cost-effective synergy | Limited UV protection |
| Low color contribution | May form acidic byproducts |
Summary
Phosphite antioxidants serve as essential secondary antioxidants in polymer stabilization, effectively decomposing hydroperoxides and complementing primary phenolic antioxidants. While sensitive to hydrolysis, their ability to maintain polymer properties during processing makes them indispensable in polyolefins and engineering plastics. New hydrolytically stable versions are expanding applications in demanding environments.
Declaration: The products displayed on this website are intended exclusively for industrial applications or scientific research. They are not intended for medical, pharmaceutical, or food use. In accordance with applicable laws and regulations, purchasing organizations must hold valid qualifications and approvals.
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